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A

Aleph

1.The first letter of the Hebrew alphabet 2. Handwritten poster, used in the Romaniote communities of Greece, as a wall amulet for the newborn male child and his mother during the 40 days of pregnancy. In addition, it also served as a certificate of birth and circumcision.

Asara B'Tevet

Fasting in commemoration of the siege of Jerusalem.

Ashkenazi Jews

The Jews who had originated from central and eastern Europe with particular traditions and spoke mainly in Yiddish.

C

Chanukah

A festival commemorating the reconquest of the Second Temple in Jerusalem by the Maccabees in the 2nd century BC. Also known as the festival of light.

E

Echal

The Ark of the Covenant, the repository of the Sefer Torah.

H

Havdalah

A ceremony marking the end of the holy day of Shabbat or a Jewish holiday, separating it from the rest of the week.

Hoshana Rabbah

It is the seventh day of Sukkot, ending the period of judgement that begins with Rosh Ashana. Literally "The Great Supplication".

K

Kashrut

Jewish dietary rules based on the Law and rabbinic instructions. Kasher is the food that these rules dictate.

Kiddush

The blessing ceremony of Shabbat, on Friday evening, with recitation of passages from the Torah over a glass of wine.

L

Ladino

Old Spanish enriched with Hebrew and Turkish words. It is the language of the Sephardim (Judezmo). Today it is written in the Latin alphabet, whereas before the war it was mainly written in Hebrew.

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